A timing chain is one of the integral components of an internal combustion engine, without which efficient vehicle operations are impossible. Its failure can result in extensive engine damage costing the owner a fortune in repairs.
What Is a Timing Chain?
An engine timing chain is a vital component that ensures the proper functioning of an internal combustion engine. Its purpose is to synchronize the movement of the crankshaft and camshaft, which are responsible for controlling the intake and exhaust valves, fuel injection, and ignition timing.
The chain is designed to operate in a highly precise manner, with little to no slack, to ensure that the engine’s valve timing is always accurate. A malfunctioning timing chain can cause the engine to misfire, run poorly, or even seize up, leading to catastrophic engine failure.
As such, it is crucial to ensure that the timing chain is regularly inspected and that any issues are addressed promptly to prevent costly repairs and potential damage to the engine.
If you suspect that your timing chain is about to fail, make sure to get a quality replacement on time. We offer timing chains from some of the most reputable brands on the market.
Types of Timing Chain
Now that you know the role of a timing chain, let us discuss the two types of chains used by car producers. For each type of chain, there are different timing chain failure causes resulting from the specific build of the component.
Link Chains
This type of timing chain is made of precision links made of flat hardened alloy steel. They are connected to each other by pressed pins.
This is also known as a silent chain because its shape is designed for smooth operation. We mention this because if you happen to hear noises, then you definitely have timing chain issues.
Roller Chains
This type of chain looks very much like the one you find on a bicycle. But, of course, it is made much more durable and resilient. Cars with a smaller engine capacity have a single roller chain. More powerful engines require a double chain.
As we are speaking of timing chain symptoms, do not confuse it with a timing belt. While it serves the same purpose, it is a completely different component and has specific signs of failure.
Bad Timing Chain Symptoms
Below are five unmistakable signs that your timing chain may be due for a change.
#1. Rattling Sounds.
One of the earliest signs that your timing chain is begging for attention is an unusual rattling noise emanating from the engine bay.
This metal-on-metal sound occurs when the timing chain has developed slack or when the tensioner is worn.
#2. Sputtering Performance.
If you notice your car sputtering or hesitating during acceleration, it might be a cue from the timing chain that it’s losing its grip on precision.
A stretched or failing timing chain can throw off the engine’s timing, resulting in a lackluster performance. Pay attention to these hesitations—it’s your engine’s way of asking for a timing chain check or even replacement.
#3. Illuminated Warning Lights.
Modern vehicles come equipped with an array of warning lights, and when the timing chain is struggling, the check engine light may take center stage.
While this light can signal various issues, a diagnostic scan will reveal if the timing chain is the culprit. Ignoring this silent cry for diagnosis could lead to a more complicated engine performance.
#4. Engine Misfires.
Timing is everything, and when the timing chain is on its last legs, misfires become a common occurrence.
Misfires, where the engine fails to ignite the air-fuel mixture correctly, can result in poor fuel efficiency, rough idling, and a noticeable drop in power. Treat these misfires as your engine’s way of waving a red flag.
#5. Metal Shavings in Oil.
During routine oil changes, take a moment to inspect the drained oil or ask the technicians to do so. If you notice metal shavings or debris, it could be a sign of a failing timing chain.
As the chain wears, it sheds metal particles that mix with the oil, creating a gritty concoction. This silent rebellion in your oil pan is a clear indication that your timing chain is crying out for attention.
When to Change the Timing Chain?
Timing belts require routine replacement—timing chains do not. Unless the timing chain is broken, stretched, or otherwise compromised, there’s no reason to change it. If there is something wrong with the timing chain, your car will likely exhibit one or more problems.
Symptoms of a failing timing chain include:
- Timing chain noise
- Engine misfire and poor performance
- Difficulty in starting the vehicle
- Illuminated check engine light
- Engine vibration or shaking when idling
- The engine won’t start
There’s a possibility you’ll hear a noise coming from the area of the timing chain cover. This noise is often caused by a loose timing chain that may be due to a faulty timing chain tensioner, guide or other issues.
More serious problems will start to arise if you ignore the early signs so make sure to give the timing chain a check as soon as you hear a noise coming from its mounting location.
Timing Chain Replacement Cost
The average cost for a Timing Chain Replacement is between $1,684 and $1,954. Labor costs are estimated between $955 and $1,204 while parts are priced between $729 and $749. This range does not include taxes and fees, and does not factor in your unique location. Related repairs may also be needed.
Replacement involves removal of the timing cover, timing chain tensioner, timing chain, and timing chain guide rails. These are all replaced during a timing chain service.
Timing chain guides are typically held in place by pins or fasteners, and one end will typically be left to pivot freely with the timing chain.
Once all components are removed, the timing components can be installed onto the engine, and the engine will be tested for proper operation and timing before additional components are replaced.